Amol Pawar

When building Android apps with Jetpack Compose, you’ll often need to share data across your UI tree. Passing parameters down every Composable quickly becomes messy. That’s where CompositionLocal comes in.

Think of CompositionLocal as a smart way to provide values (like theme, locale, or user preferences) to multiple Composables without having to manually thread them through function parameters. It’s like dependency injection — but scoped to the Compose world.

In this post, we’ll explore how CompositionLocal works, why it matters for building scalable UI, and how you can use it effectively.

What is CompositionLocal?

CompositionLocal is a mechanism that allows you to define and access values that are automatically propagated down the Composable hierarchy.

• It provides contextual values (like theme colors or configurations).
• It removes the need to pass arguments everywhere.
• It helps you scale UI architecture by keeping components decoupled.

Jetpack Compose already uses CompositionLocal under the hood for things like MaterialTheme, text styles, and layout direction.

Defining a CompositionLocal

You start by creating a CompositionLocal with a default value:

val LocalUser = compositionLocalOf<String> { 
    error("No user provided") 
}

Here:

• compositionLocalOf creates a CompositionLocal with a default (or error if missing).
• We’re saying: “If no user is provided, throw an error.”

Providing a Value

To inject a value, you use CompositionLocalProvider:

@Composable
fun AppContent() {
    CompositionLocalProvider(LocalUser provides "amol pawar") {
        UserProfile()
    }
}

Inside AppContent, any child Composable can access LocalUser.

Consuming a CompositionLocal

To read the value, use .current:

@Composable
fun Dashboard() {
    Column {
        CompositionLocalProvider(LocalUser provides "akshay") {
            UserProfile() // shows "Hello, askhay!"
        }
        UserProfile() // shows "Hello, amol pawar!"
    }
}

Output:

Hello, amol pawar!

No need to pass user down as a parameter—CompositionLocal handles it.

Why Use CompositionLocal?

Let’s break it down with a practical example. Imagine a large app with:

• Theme data (colors, typography).
• User session info.
• App settings like dark mode, locale, etc.

Passing these manually would be a nightmare. With CompositionLocal, you define them once and let the UI tree consume them where needed.

Scoped Values for Flexibility

One powerful feature is scoping. You can override a CompositionLocal in a subtree without affecting the rest of the app.

@Composable
fun Dashboard() {
    Column {
        CompositionLocalProvider(LocalUser provides "akshay") {
            UserProfile() // shows "Hello, askhay!"
        }
        UserProfile() // shows "Hello, amol pawar!"
    }
}

The value depends on where the Composable is in the hierarchy. This makes it perfect for context-specific overrides (like previewing different themes).

Best Practices for CompositionLocal

1. Don’t abuse it. Use CompositionLocal for global or contextual data, not just to avoid passing parameters.
2. Keep defaults meaningful. Provide safe defaults or throw an error if the value is critical.
3. Use for ambient context. Theme, locale, user, system settings — these are ideal use cases.
4. Avoid hidden dependencies. If a Composable always needs a value, prefer explicit parameters for clarity.

Theme System with CompositionLocal

Let’s create a mini theme system:

data class MyColors(val primary: Color, val background: Color)

val LocalColors = staticCompositionLocalOf<MyColors> {
    error("No colors provided")
}

@Composable
fun MyTheme(content: @Composable () -> Unit) {
    val colors = MyColors(primary = Color.Blue, background = Color.White)
    CompositionLocalProvider(LocalColors provides colors) {
        content()
    }
}

@Composable
fun ThemedButton() {
    val colors = LocalColors.current
    Button(onClick = {}) {
        Text("Click Me", color = colors.primary)
    }
}

Usage:

@Composable
fun App() {
    MyTheme {
        ThemedButton()
    }

Here, ThemedButton gets its styling from LocalColors without needing parameters.

CompositionLocal vs Parameters

• Use parameters when data is essential to the Composable.
• Use CompositionLocal when data is contextual, like theming or configuration.

This balance keeps your UI scalable and maintainable.

Conclusion

CompositionLocal is one of the most powerful tools in Jetpack Compose for writing scalable UI. It keeps your code cleaner, reduces boilerplate, and makes context handling a breeze.

By using CompositionLocal wisely, you can:

• Share contextual data easily
• Override values locally
• Keep UI components decoupled and reusable

Next time you’re passing a value through five different Composables, stop and ask yourself — could CompositionLocal handle this better?

If you’ve ever built dashboards, spreadsheets, or financial apps, you know how important tables are. But a plain table isn’t enough — you often need a Scrollable Sticky Table/Grid where headers stay in place while data scrolls smoothly.

In the past, building this in Android XML layouts was painful. With Jetpack Compose, you can achieve it with clean Kotlin code, no hacks, and full flexibility.

In this guide, we’ll walk through how to build a professional Scrollable Sticky Table/Grid in Jetpack Compose — from the basics to a fully data-driven version that adapts to any dataset.

Why Scrollable Sticky Tables Matter

A Scrollable Sticky Table/Grid is more than eye candy. It solves real usability problems:

• Sticky headers: Keep column labels visible while scrolling.
• Row headers: Let users track rows without losing context.
• Independent scrolls: Row IDs can scroll separately from the table, making it easier to navigate large datasets.
• Dynamic structure: Tables should adapt to n rows and m columns—no hardcoding.

Think Google Sheets, Excel, or analytics dashboards. The same principles apply here.

A Basic Scrollable Table

Let’s start with the simplest version: rows and columns that scroll.

@Composable
fun ScrollableGridDemo() {
    val rowCount = 20
    val columnCount = 10

    LazyColumn {
        items(rowCount) { rowIndex ->
            Row(
                modifier = Modifier
                    .horizontalScroll(rememberScrollState())
            ) {
                repeat(columnCount) { colIndex ->
                    Box(
                        modifier = Modifier
                            .size(100.dp)
                            .border(1.dp, Color.Gray)
                            .padding(8.dp),
                        contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
                    ) {
                        Text("R$rowIndex C$colIndex")
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

This gives you a grid that scrolls vertically and horizontally. But headers vanish when you scroll.

Adding Sticky Column Headers

With stickyHeader, we can lock the top row.

@Composable
fun ScrollableStickyTable() {
    val rowCount = 20
    val columnCount = 10

    LazyColumn {
        // Sticky Header Row
        stickyHeader {
            Row(
                modifier = Modifier
                    .background(Color.LightGray)
                    .horizontalScroll(rememberScrollState())
            ) {
                repeat(columnCount) { colIndex ->
                    Box(
                        modifier = Modifier
                            .size(100.dp)
                            .border(1.dp, Color.Black)
                            .padding(8.dp),
                        contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
                    ) {
                        Text("Header $colIndex", fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold)
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Table Rows
        items(rowCount) { rowIndex ->
            Row(
                modifier = Modifier
                    .horizontalScroll(rememberScrollState())
            ) {
                repeat(columnCount) { colIndex ->
                    Box(
                        modifier = Modifier
                            .size(100.dp)
                            .border(1.dp, Color.Gray)
                            .padding(8.dp),
                        contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
                    ) {
                        Text("R$rowIndex C$colIndex")
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Headers now stick to the top as you scroll.

Adding Row Headers

Sometimes you need a first column (row IDs) that doesn’t disappear when you scroll horizontally. The trick is to split the table into two sections:

• Row header column → vertical scroll only.
• Main table → vertical + horizontal scroll.

And make them sit side by side.

Making It Dynamic (n Rows, m Columns)

Hardcoding row and column counts isn’t practical. Let’s build a reusable, data-driven composable.

@Composable
fun DataDrivenStickyTable(
    rowHeaders: List<String>,            // Row labels
    columnHeaders: List<String>,         // Column labels
    tableData: List<List<String>>        // 2D grid of values [row][col]
) {
    Row {
        // Row Header Column
        LazyColumn(
            modifier = Modifier.width(100.dp)
        ) {
            // Sticky Row Header Title
            stickyHeader {
                Box(
                    modifier = Modifier
                        .fillMaxWidth()
                        .height(50.dp)
                        .background(Color.DarkGray)
                        .border(1.dp, Color.Black),
                    contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
                ) {
                    Text("Row#", color = Color.White, fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold)
                }
            }

            // Dynamic Row Headers
            items(rowHeaders.size) { rowIndex ->
                Box(
                    modifier = Modifier
                        .fillMaxWidth()
                        .height(50.dp)
                        .background(Color.Gray)
                        .border(1.dp, Color.Black),
                    contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
                ) {
                    Text(rowHeaders[rowIndex], fontWeight = FontWeight.Medium)
                }
            }
        }

        // Main Table
        LazyColumn(
            modifier = Modifier.weight(1f)
        ) {
            // Sticky Column Headers
            stickyHeader {
                Row(
                    modifier = Modifier
                        .horizontalScroll(rememberScrollState())
                        .background(Color.LightGray)
                ) {
                    columnHeaders.forEach { header ->
                        Box(
                            modifier = Modifier
                                .size(width = 100.dp, height = 50.dp)
                                .border(1.dp, Color.Black),
                            contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
                        ) {
                            Text(header, fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold)
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            // Dynamic Rows
            items(rowHeaders.size) { rowIndex ->
                Row(
                    modifier = Modifier
                        .horizontalScroll(rememberScrollState())
                ) {
                    tableData[rowIndex].forEach { cell ->
                        Box(
                            modifier = Modifier
                                .size(width = 100.dp, height = 50.dp)
                                .border(1.dp, Color.LightGray),
                            contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
                        ) {
                            Text(cell)
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

You can generate as many rows and columns as you want dynamically:

@Composable
fun TableDemo() {
    val rowHeaders = List(20) { "Row $it" }
    val columnHeaders = List(10) { "Col $it" }
    val tableData = List(rowHeaders.size) { rowIndex ->
        List(columnHeaders.size) { colIndex ->
            "R$rowIndex C$colIndex"
        }
    }

    DataDrivenStickyTable(
        rowHeaders = rowHeaders,
        columnHeaders = columnHeaders,
        tableData = tableData
    )
}

Now your table works with any dataset — whether it’s 5×5 or 100×100.

Check out the complete project on my GitHub repository

Performance Tips

• Use LazyColumn + LazyRow for large datasets—they recycle views efficiently.
• If your dataset is small, you can simplify with Column + Row.
• Use rememberLazyListState() and rememberScrollState() if you need to sync scrolling between row headers and table content.

Conclusion

With Jetpack Compose, building a Scrollable Sticky Table/Grid is no longer a headache. You can:

• Show sticky headers for both rows and columns.
• Keep row headers independent or sync them with the table.
• Dynamically generate n rows and m columns from real datasets.

This approach is clean, scalable, and production-ready. The next time you need a spreadsheet-like UI, you’ll know exactly how to do it — like a pro.

When you’re building long lists in Jetpack Compose, sometimes you need certain sections to stand out and stay visible while scrolling. That’s exactly where Sticky Header comes in. Imagine scrolling through a contacts app — the alphabet letter headers (A, B, C…) stick at the top while you browse through names. Jetpack Compose makes this easy with LazyColumn and stickyHeader.

In this guide, I’ll walk you through how to implement Sticky Header in Jetpack Compose with clear explanations.

What is a Sticky Header?

A Sticky Header is a UI element that “sticks” at the top of a scrollable list until the next header pushes it off. It’s commonly used in:

• Contact lists
• Calendar apps
• Shopping category lists
• News feeds with date separators

This improves navigation and makes large lists easier to scan.

Why Use Sticky Header in Jetpack Compose?

With Jetpack Compose, you don’t need RecyclerView adapters or complex custom views. The LazyColumn component handles large, scrollable lists efficiently, and stickyHeader makes adding sticky sections straightforward.

Benefits:

• Simple syntax, no XML layouts.
• Clean and declarative code.
• Works seamlessly with Compose state management.

LazyColumn and stickyHeader Basics

Here’s the basic structure of a LazyColumn with a Sticky Header:

@Composable
fun StickyHeaderExample() {
    val sections = listOf(
        "Fruits" to listOf("Apple", "Banana", "Orange"),
        "Vegetables" to listOf("Carrot", "Potato", "Tomato"),
        "Dairy" to listOf("Milk", "Cheese", "Yogurt")
    )

    LazyColumn {
        sections.forEach { (header, items) ->
            stickyHeader {
                Text(
                    text = header,
                    modifier = Modifier
                        .fillMaxWidth()
                        .background(Color.LightGray)
                        .padding(8.dp),
                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.subtitle1
                )
            }

            items(items) { item ->
                Text(
                    text = item,
                    modifier = Modifier
                        .fillMaxWidth()
                        .padding(8.dp)
                )
            }
        }
    }
}

Let’s break it down:

Data Setup

val sections = listOf(
    "Fruits" to listOf("Apple", "Banana", "Orange"),
    "Vegetables" to listOf("Carrot", "Potato", "Tomato"),
    "Dairy" to listOf("Milk", "Cheese", "Yogurt")
)

Here, each section has a header (like “Fruits”) and a list of items.

LazyColumn

LazyColumn { ... }

Displays the entire list efficiently. Only visible items are composed, so it’s memory-friendly.

stickyHeader

stickyHeader {
    Text(
        text = header,
        modifier = Modifier
            .fillMaxWidth()
            .background(Color.LightGray)
            .padding(8.dp)
    )
}

This is the star of the show. The header stays pinned at the top while scrolling through its section.

items()

items(items) { item -> ... }

Renders each element under the sticky header.

Customizing Sticky Headers

You can style sticky headers to fit your app’s design. For example:

• Add icons to headers.
• Change background color based on section.
• Apply elevation or shadows for better separation.

Example with custom styling:

stickyHeader {
    Surface(
        color = Color.DarkGray,
        shadowElevation = 4.dp
    ) {
        Text(
            text = header,
            modifier = Modifier
                .fillMaxWidth()
                .padding(12.dp),
            color = Color.White,
            style = MaterialTheme.typography.h6
        )
    }
}

When to Use and When Not To

Use Sticky Header when:

• The list is grouped (categories, dates, sections).
• Users need quick context while scrolling.

Avoid Sticky Header if:

• The list is flat (no categories).
• Too many headers clutter the UI.

Performance Considerations

LazyColumn with stickyHeader is optimized, but keep these in mind:

• Keep headers lightweight (avoid heavy Composables inside).
• Reuse stateful items outside of the list when possible.
• Test on lower-end devices if you have very large datasets.

Conclusion

The Sticky Header in Jetpack Compose makes complex, sectioned lists much easier to build and navigate. With just a few lines of code inside a LazyColumn, you can create polished, user-friendly experiences without dealing with RecyclerView boilerplate.

If you’re building apps with grouped data — contacts, shopping categories, or event timelines — Sticky Header is a feature you’ll definitely want to use.

If you’ve ever scrolled through a long list in an app and noticed that the section title stays pinned at the top until the next section appears, you’ve seen a sticky header. Sticky headers make lists easier to navigate, especially when content is grouped by category.

In this post, we’ll learn step by step how to implement a Sticky Header in Jetpack Compose using LazyColumn. Don’t worry if you’re just getting started with Compose—the explanation will stay simple, with code examples and clear breakdowns.

What is a Sticky Header?

A sticky header is a UI element that remains visible at the top of a scrolling list while the content beneath it scrolls. It’s often used in apps like Contacts (where the alphabet letters stick as you scroll) or e-commerce apps (where categories like “Shoes,” “Bags,” or “Clothing” stay pinned).

Jetpack Compose makes this much easier to implement compared to the old RecyclerView approach in XML.

Why Use Sticky Headers in Jetpack Compose?

Adding a Sticky Header in Jetpack Compose improves:

• Readability: Users instantly know which section they’re in.
• Navigation: Helps users scan through grouped content quickly.
• User Experience: Feels modern, polished, and professional.

The Key Composable: stickyHeader

Jetpack Compose provides a built-in modifier inside LazyColumn called stickyHeader. This allows you to define a composable item that “sticks” to the top while scrolling.

Basic Code Example

Here’s a simple example of creating a Sticky Header in Jetpack Compose:

@Composable
fun StickyHeaderList() {
    val groupedItems = mapOf(
        "Fruits" to listOf("Apple", "Banana", "Mango", "Orange"),
        "Vegetables" to listOf("Carrot", "Potato", "Tomato"),
        "Drinks" to listOf("Water", "Juice", "Soda")
    )

    LazyColumn {
        groupedItems.forEach { (header, items) ->
            stickyHeader {
                Text(
                    text = header,
                    modifier = Modifier
                        .fillMaxWidth()
                        .background(Color.LightGray)
                        .padding(16.dp),
                    fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold
                )
            }

            items(items) { item ->
                Text(
                    text = item,
                    modifier = Modifier
                        .fillMaxWidth()
                        .padding(12.dp)
                )
            }
        }
    }
}

Let’s break it down so it’s crystal clear:

Grouped Data

• We created a Map with categories as keys ("Fruits", "Vegetables", "Drinks") and a list of items under each.

LazyColumn

• Works like a RecyclerView but in Compose. It’s efficient for large lists.

stickyHeader

• This is the magic. Whatever you put inside stickyHeader will remain stuck at the top until another header replaces it.
• We used a Text with background color and padding so it looks like a section header.

items()

• Displays each element in the list under its header.

Styling the Sticky Header

You don’t want your sticky header to look boring. Here are a few tweaks you can add:

stickyHeader {
    Surface(
        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
        color = Color.DarkGray,
        shadowElevation = 4.dp
    ) {
        Text(
            text = header,
            modifier = Modifier.padding(16.dp),
            color = Color.White,
            fontSize = 18.sp,
            fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold
        )
    }
}

This adds:

• Background color (DarkGray)
• Shadow elevation for depth
• White text for contrast

When to Use Sticky Headers

Sticky headers are perfect for:

• Contact lists grouped alphabetically
• Shopping apps with categories
• News apps with sections (e.g., Sports, Tech, Business)
• Music playlists grouped by artist or album

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Too many sticky headers: Don’t overuse them — it can feel cluttered.
• No visual distinction: Make sure headers look different from list items.
• Performance issues: For extremely large datasets, consider lazy loading.

Conclusion

Creating a Sticky Header in Jetpack Compose is simple, thanks to the stickyHeader API inside LazyColumn. With just a few lines of code, you can build a smooth, user-friendly list that looks polished and professional.

As Compose continues to evolve, features like these make UI development faster, cleaner, and more intuitive. Whether you’re building a contacts app, a shopping app, or just experimenting, sticky headers will give your lists a better structure and improve the user experience.

Pro Tip: Always test on different screen sizes to make sure your headers remain clear and readable.

Now it’s your turn — try adding a sticky header to your own Jetpack Compose project and see the difference!